Type of Amdal
In 1982, World passed environmental laws. This law is regulated further in government regulation (PP) Number 9 of 1986, which was then replaced by PP Number 51 of 1993, and finally replaced in PP Number 27 of 1999.
The government established the Environmental Impact Management Agency (Bapedal) through Presidential Decree Number 77 of 1994 to complete the implementation of the regulation. There is a central and regional level, although the two do not have a structural hierarchical relationship. The central Bapedal is now under the Ministry of Environment.
These environmental agencies become the protective locomotive of ecological interests. In fact, environmental interests are often outweighed by practical materialist interests called economic interests. Environmental Impact Analysis studies become a formality.
SINGLE AMDAL is only one type of business and / or activity whose development authority is under one agency in charge of a business and / or activity
INTEGRATED / MULTISECTORAL AMDAL is the result of a study of the large and important impacts of integrated businesses / activities planned for the environment and involves more than 1 agency in charge of these activities
Criteria for integrated activities include:
various businesses / activities have a link in the planning and production process
These businesses and activities are all in one ecosystem
AMDAL Procedure
The AMDAL procedure consists of:
The screening process is mandatory for AMDAL
Public announcement and consultation process
KA-ANDAL preparation and scoping
Preparation and evaluation of ANDAL, RKL, and RPL The screening process or often also called the AMDAL mandatory activity selection process, which is determining whether an activity plan is required to prepare an AMDAL or not.
Example of AMDAL Activity
Regulation of the Minister of Environment (PerMenLH) No. 11 of 2006 concerning Types of Business Plans or Activities that Must Be Completed with Environmental Impact Analysis. Determine various fields of activity that must be completed with AMDAL, including:
Defense businesses / activities
Agriculture business / activity
Fisheries business / activity
Forestry businesses / activities
Transportation business / activities
Business / activity in the field of Satellite Technology
Industrial businesses / activities
Business / activity in the field of Public Works
Business / activity in the field of Energy and Mineral Resources
Tourism businesses / activities
Business / activity in the field of Nuclear Development
B3 waste management business / activity
Genetic Engineering business / activity.
Activities that are not listed in the AMDAL compulsory list, but are located directly adjacent to protected areas, are included in the category of having significant impacts, and are required to prepare an AMDAL. The protected areas in question are protected forests, peat areas, water catchment areas, areas around reservoirs / lakes, areas around springs, nature reserves, and so forth.
AMDAL document
The AMDAL document consists of:
Document of Reference for Environmental Impact Analysis (KA-ANDAL)
Environmental Impact Analysis Document (ANDAL)
Environmental Management Plan Document (RKL)
Environmental Monitoring Plan (RPL) document
AMDAL Preparation Process
PIL: Presentation of Environmental Information
An outline of the plan of activities to be carried out, the environmental setting of the activity, the possibility of the occurrence of environmental impacts of the activity, the possibility of the occurrence of environmental impacts by the activity, the plan for controlling negative impacts.